研讀歷屆高考題可知,高考題有很高的創新再利用價值。通過對高考題的創新再利用,不但可以讓學生進一步掌握相關知識,而且還可以培養學生的發散思維能力,進而提高學生綜合運用語言知識的能力。下面通過對比、分析高考題和創新題來談談高考題的創新再利用。
[考例1](高考題)There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ________ ?
(創新題) There was no light in the dormitory last night. They must have gone to the lecture, ________ ?
A. didn't theyB. don't they
C. mustn't theyD. haven't they
分析:根據語境可知考例1是推測現在他們可能去聽講座了,該句可還原為:They have gone to the lecture. 其反意疑問句用haven't they,故答案為D。創新題是推測昨天晚上他們可能去聽講座了,該句可還原為:They went to the lecture last night. 其反意疑問句用didn't they,故答案為A。
[考例2](高考題)The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeingB. having seenC. to have seenD. to see
(創新題) The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ us to give him a helping hand.
A. expectingB. to expect
C. expectedD. to have expected
分析:考例2中說明那個人停下來的目的是想搞清楚他走的方向是否正確,用動詞不定式表目的,相當於...and looked as if he wanted to see...,故答案為D。創新題中expect為表示心理活動的詞,一般不直接接動詞不定式,此處相當於...and looked as if he was expecting...,故答案為A。
[考例3](高考題)He is the only one of the students who ________ a winner of scholarship for three years.
(創新題)He is one of the students who ________ winners of scholarship for three years.
A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been
分析:當定語從句的先行詞是"the (only)one of+複數名詞"時,定語從句中的謂語動詞用單數形式;若去掉the (only),定語從句中的謂語動詞用複數。故考例3答案為D,創新題答案為C。
[考例4](高考題)I was really anxious about you. You ________ home without a word.
(創新題)I was really anxious about you. You ________ home without a word next time.
A. mustn't leaveB. shouldn't have left
C. couldn't leaveD. needn't leave
分析:高考題中是對"你"所做的事的"批評"、"責備","你不該一聲不吭地就走了,shouldn't have done表示"不該做某事,而事實上卻已經做了",故選B。創新題中加上時間狀語next time,情景就大不相同了,此處是警告你"下次千萬別一聲不吭地就走了",mustn't do表示絕對禁止,故選A。
[考例5](高考題)Robert is said ________ abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.
(創新題)Robert is said ________ abroad, but I don't know what country he is studying in.
A. to have studiedB. to study
C. to be studying D. to have been studying
分析:此題關鍵在時態上。高考題中是過去時studied,說明Robert已不在國外學習了,學習已經結束了,故用不定式的完成式,答案選A。創新題中is studying說明Robert現在仍在國外學習,故用不定式的進行式,表示動作正在進行,答案選C。
[考例6](高考題) ________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
(創新題) ________ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What
分析:高考題為As引導的非限定性定語從句,As指後面的內容,故選B。創新題去掉句中的標點符號,加上that一詞,使句型結構發生很大的變化,由As引導的定語從句變為It引導的主語從句,故選A。
[考例7](高考題)By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ________ in Beijing.
(創新題)By the end of this year, another new gymnasium ________ in Beijing.
A. will be completedB. will have been completed
C. has been completedD. had been completed
分析:本題關鍵在於時間狀語last year和this year。by the end of 短語和過去時間連用時,主句中用過去完成時態;和將來時間連用時,主句中用將來完成時態。故高考題選D,創新題選B。
[考例8](高考題)When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ________ "Sorry to miss you; will call later."
(創新題)When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door which ________ "Sorry to miss you, will call later."
A. readB. readsC. to readD. reading
分析:高考題中reading "Sorry to miss you,..."為分詞短語作message的定語,相當於定語從句which read...,有時也用saying 或者which said。故高考題選D,創新題選A。
[考例9](高考題)The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________ .
(創新題)The boy wanted to be a soldier, but his mother told him ________ .
A not toB. not to doC. not do itD. not to be
分析:本題關鍵在於動詞不定式的省略問題。動詞不定式後接實義動詞時,其對應的不定式to後面的部分就省略,故高考題選A。動詞不定式後接系動詞時,其對應的不定式後跟be, be不能省略,故創新題選D。
[考例10](高考題)- I am taking my driving test tomorrow.
- ________ !
(創新題)-I have passed my driving test.
- ________ !
A. CheersB. Good luck
C. Come onD. Congratulations
分析:本題為交際用語。當對方告知你他要去做某事時,你應說的話是祝福對方好運的話,故高考題選B。當對方告訴你他的好消息時,你的第一反應是祝賀的話,故創新題選D。
(文/劉決生；英語輔導報高三版2003-2004學年第49期；版權歸英語輔導報社所有，獨家網絡合作夥伴新浪教育，未經許可，不得以任何形式進行轉載。)
